Education, Education And Literacy - 1421 Words

Education and literacy are very important and play many roles in everyday lives. Over many years, education and literacy have been viewed as something to be proud of and something to strive towards, this can be seen back in the mid-20th century, while in more recent times, the views have changed to almost the polar opposite of the original views. Today, they aren’t as cherished or valued as they were back in the day. In the time of Malcolm X, the mid-20th century, education and literacy were valued much more because of the perceived difficulty of gaining them. The ease of access now a days, due to technology, to education, such as books, makes the value of education and literacy go down much more than how it was valued back in the times†¦show more content†¦Both of the main characters in the stories want to further their knowledge in literacy, simply because they â€Å"crave† knowledge and want to become intelligent just to become intelligent. They didn’ t want knowledge to get a degree or a job, they wanted knowledge just to better themselves, unlike current views in America. Despite the difficulties that they faced in order to get better educated and overcome their illiteracy, they still tried because they knew knowledge is very valuable. These things can be seen in the Library Card, where Richard Wright stumbles upon an author, Mencken, and his novels while reading an article. His want to read can be seen when he says â€Å"I want to read. I can’t get books from the library. I wonder if you’d let me use your card† (347) He asks to borrow his card, even knowing how dangerous it is, just so he could get a chance to read. In Malcolm X, Malcolm also wants to read to satisfy his thirst for knowledge. He reads the dictionary, writes down every word, and is excited to do more. On the other hand, with the technology today, people don’t have to struggle like them nearly as much. We haven’t been deprived of education, like they were, so we don’t cherish it as nearly as much as they did. In the article Negative

Human Trafficking Is A Serious Crime And An Unrefined...

Trafficking in human beings is a serious crime and an unrefined violation of human rights. It is often linked to organized crime and is one of the most profitable criminal activities worldwide (Access to European Union Law, 2014). There are many different forms of human trafficking, and they progress with changing socioeconomic circumstances. It targets women and men, girls and boys in vulnerable positions (Trafficking in Human Beings, 2013). The International Labor Organization in June of 2012 covering the period 2002-2011 estimated the number of victims of forced labor globally (NPR, 2013). The estimate also included forced sexual exploitation which was, 20.9 million at a global level, with an estimated 5.5 million children being trafficked (NPR, 2013). Europe had a human trafficking matter for decades, where it began with the trading of slaves. The 1400’s marked the start of the European slave trade in Africa when the Portuguese transported people from Africa to Portugal to use them as slaves (Timeline of Human Trafficking, 2011). Later on throughout the 1600s, other countries became more involved in the European slave trade (Timeline of Human Trafficking, 2011). Recent studies have stated, more than 23,600 people were victims of human trafficking in Europe during a recent three-year period (NPR, 2013). It is important to understand what human trafficking is considered in Europe, why stricter laws need to be created, and how human trafficking can be prevented. By

Energy Management In Buildings Automation †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Energy Management In Buildings Automation? Answer: Introduction: Internet of things is said to define the connectivity of various devices present in the vicinity to the internet. Using such technologies, people will never have to adjust the applications manually for their needs. This report includes the definitions and the specifications of the various devices used for home automation. The report further includes the various risks in security and privacy related to these applications. Furthermore, the report includes the mitigation measures to be taken to address such risks. IOT and home automation: Automation in the home is responsible for the provisions of connectivity among the devices that are present in the house itself. These devices range from lighting systems to the garage doors where this is achieved by the use of programmable logic. The different aspects like the security systems, cleaning systems, lighting system or the kitchen appliances all falls in the idea of connectivity in the home automation. The issues in a smart home include the security and the operational issues. As the devices need to connect to the internet to work, they are to remain connected all time (Baraka et al., 2013). This increases the utility bill of the house. In addition, the networks are always vulnerable to outsider attacks. Network of the home: The network of the home will include all the connected devices that will name it the smart house. The main devices included are the connecting hub (1), security appliances (surveillance cameras (2), smart locks (3), smart applications (4))), temperature devices (thermostat devices (5), air conditioner (6)), lighting systems (7), kitchen appliances (cooker appliance (8), intelligent oven (9)) and cleaning devices (vacuum cleaner (10)). All these devices will be connected to each other with internet. The connecting hub will facilitate the connection between these appliances. Devices to be connected: This section of the report discusses about the various devices that are to be integrated in the operations of a smart home. Most importantly, the hub will be present in the smart house, which will form the connecting bridge between these devices. Smart connection hub: (2, 2017) The connecting devices are used to make connections to the various devices dwelling in the house. The chosen device for this application is the Wink Hub 2. This removes the need to access each of the systems in the house for controlling. Moreover, the device can be integrated in the Smartphone with apple or android technologies. a) The main issues in usages are the slowing of the speed in operations with time. This causes difficulty in operations and the need for re-purchasing of the device is necessary to keep up with this system. It is recommended that the manufacture needs to address such difficulties. b) The control issues are the requirement of a smart phone with good specifications. Normal users may not have this specification to run the app and this is the main control issues. T is recommended that the apps be downscaled to facilitate more use. c) Connectivity issues are the presence of z-wave connections. The device works in mesh topologies. This causes some problems, which can be removed by the use of better addressing to these settings. The router can be made to restart to facilitate better connection. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Surveillance cameras: ("Rechargeable Wireless Security Camera: Arlo Pro | Arlo by NETGEAR", 2017) The chosen device for the surveillance purposes is the Net gear Arlo Pro. The device is supposed to be wireless and weatherproof. This facilitates the removal of the deployment related problems and removes the problems faced during the winter or rainy seasons. The device also records videos in high definition qualities with 130 vision angle. a) The usage issues involve the glitches in the video feeds that last for 1-2 seconds. These are sometimes evident and not always. The manufacturers are recommended to address such issues. b) The control issues are the requirement for a high end Smartphone to watch the application feeds. The manufacturer needs to address such issues. c) The connectivity issues include the presence of problems in the application. The application in the phone crashes several times which makes it quite difficult to access. In addition, the presence the device incorporates connection to the central hub first before authorizing access. The manufacturer needs to address such issues. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Smart locks: ("How It Works | Smart Lock Smarter Home Access | August", 2017) The device chosen in this section is the August Smart Lock. This device is used to provide the security related processes of the house. The lock is used to grant access by the use of the Smartphone. The lock can also be used to set access during a certain time. The user can look at the video feed and answer via their phone to the visitors. a) The main usage issues are the need for being close to the lock to open it. The app only works via the Bluetooth, which causes the user to come close to the lock to open it. The presence of wifi technology must be integrated to address such issues. b) The control issues are the uncontrolled behavior in the app. The user needs to come to the vicinity of the lock and connect to the app. The app will then instruct the lock about the connection and then the user is needed to open it. This causes hindrances to the users. c) The connectivity issues are the requirement for apple phones because a pre toolkit is made for IOS users. This puts android users to a disadvantage. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. In addition, in case the user goes out the garage and enters through the door, lock automatically opens but do not locks the door until manually done. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Smart security applications: ("Bundle and Save with abode!", 2017) This section is used to address the security features by Abode bundles. The device helps in secure connections and facilitates the user to forget about manual locking of the door. The door is automatically locked when the user leaves and opens when the user is near home. a) The main usage is the problems with very older system. The device may not connect or work properly leading to problems faced by the user. b) The main control issues of the app are the adding of devices through the mobile application. To add devices manually, the website is to be opened. The developers are recommended to tend to this matter. c) The connectivity issues are the requirement of cellular data. Although, it works fine with the local internet connection, in case of power outage or no access, the cellular data is supposed to be used. This is the main reason that is to be addressed as the manufacturers think of this as a safety mechanism. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Thermostat device: ("Meet the Nest Learning Thermostat", 2017) The chosen device is the Nest Thermostat. This device is used to automate the heating requirements in the house. The device allows hassle free installation and activates when the user gets close to the house. This device also comes with an application for the Smartphone that helps the user to monitor the activities of the temperature changes in the various corners of the house. a) The main usage issues are the wiring problems. The heat control due to this does not go well and causes the heat to rise to a high level. The manufacturer is recommended to reference this issue. b) The main control issues are the presence of glitches in the internal devices that leads to problems like stopping of the device after prolonged use which causes inconvenience among people. The developer has to address such issues. c) The main connectivity issues are that the many people reported the battery to be draining fast or the device going offline. These are the issues that are referenced by the developers too and gave many solutions to counter these like manual recharging or connectivity checking. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Cooler: ("Air Conditioners Portable | Portable AC | Hisense Appliances", 2017) The chosen device is the Hisense 10,000 BTU air conditioner. The device is supposed to be portable and can be connected using Wi-Fi technology. The manufacturers of the device have made an app which can be used to control the device. a) The main usage issues are the problems in operations. Customers have made several complaints regarding the production of much noise. b) The main control issues are the requirement for a small space to enable cooling. In case of a large open space, the device cannot be used to address such needs. c) The connectivity issues are the requirement for a mobile app in operations. However, it is commonly reported from customers that the app crashes several times. In addition, the app needs consistent performance in the Smartphone for smooth running. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Lighting systems: ("Hue products - Meethue | Philips Lighting", 2017) The device is the Philips Hue bulb. The device has totally implemented the use of smart technologies by making bulbs that can change color along with connectivity over an app. a) The main usage issue is the presence of some problems in changing colors. b) The main control issue is the presence of a plastic remote that can be breakable at times. c) The connectivity issues are the requirement for connection of the hue bridge to the main network by the presence of Ethernet cable. The device cannot be directly connected to the Wi-Fi. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Cooking appliances: ("Digital Electric Smoker | Char-Broil", 2017) The main device to address the cooking requirement is the Char-Broil Digital Electric Smoker. The device is used to smoke foods in a very short time. It has 2-3 compartments and the temperature can be controlled via apps. a) The main usage issue is that the cookware exudes a lot amount of smoke when the internal construction is not welded. The manufacturers need to address such issues. b) The control issue is that the temperature rises much higher than the set amount. c) The control issue is that the app control is not of much use as it is not of much use during controlling the temperature. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Oven appliances: ("June Oven", 2017) The device for oven related purposes is the June Intelligent Oven. The oven is a smart home appliance that has inbuilt technologies like camera, artificial intelligence and Wi-Fi connectivity. a) The main usage issue is that the device cannot recognize all foods. In case the food is not being recognized, the app will display an error message. b) The control issue is that the temperature cannot be set manually. The device does so itself. This can lead to uncooked food sometimes. c) The connectivity issue is that the developers have made IOS connectivity. Android users also need to have connectivity features. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Vacuum cleaner: (Cleaner Cleaner, 2017) The chosen device is the Eufy RoboVac 11. The device is used to clear the dust from the floor without needing the user to help. a) The main usage issue is the requirement for manual remote control by the user. b) The need for manual adjustment every 45 seconds as reported by many customers is the main control issue of the device. c) The connectivity issue is the absence of automatic control in the device. d) The security issues are the most common that is present in mostly all IOT devices. These are the vulnerability to hacking. The applications of better security proposals are needed. e) The privacy issues are also the same as that of the other devices. The presence of a public profile in the company can lead to many customers opting out of the systems. Conclusion: Thus, it is concluded from the analysis of the different internet of things devices that the smart home is a solution that is referenced by including all such devices mentioned in the report. The analysis also discusses about the various solutions that it is intended for. This includes the making of ease in operations around the house. It also references the comfort of the people living in it. Although, the report discusses various problems that exist with all these devices, the applications of solutions to these devices can greatly improve their performance leading to a great image in the market. References: 2, W. (2017).Wink Hub 2.Wink.com. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://www.wink.com/products/wink-hub-2/ Air Conditioners Portable | Portable AC | Hisense Appliances. (2017).Hisense USA. Retrieved 18 September 2017, from https://www.hisense-usa.com/appliances/portable-ac Baraka, K., Ghobril, M., Malek, S., Kanj, R., Kayssi, A. (2013, June). Low cost arduino/android-based energy-efficient home automation system with smart task scheduling. InComputational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks (CICSyN), 2013 Fifth International Conference on(pp. 296-301). IEEE. Bundle and Save with abode!. (2017).Goabode.com. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://goabode.com/sale/ Cleaner, R., Cleaner, R. (2017).RoboVac 11 Vacuum Cleaner.Eufy. Retrieved 18 September 2017, from https://www.eufylife.com/products/robovac-11 Digital Electric Smoker | Char-Broil. (2017).Charbroil.com. Retrieved 18 September 2017, from https://www.charbroil.com/digital-electric-smoker ElShafee, A., Hamed, K. A. (2012). Design and implementation of a WIFI based home automation system.World academy of science, engineering and technology,68, 2177-2180. How It Works | Smart Lock Smarter Home Access | August. (2017).August. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://august.com/how-it-works/ Hue products - Meethue | Philips Lighting. (2017).Philips. Retrieved 18 September 2017, from https://www2.meethue.com/en-us/products/all#filters=BULBS_SUsliders=support=price=priceBoxes=page=layout=12.subcategory.p-grid-icon Jain, S., Vaibhav, A., Goyal, L. (2014, February). Raspberry Pi based interactive home automation system through E-mail. InOptimization, Reliabilty, and Information Technology (ICROIT), 2014 International Conference on(pp. 277-280). IEEE. June Oven. (2017).Juneoven.com. Retrieved 18 September 2017, from https://juneoven.com/ Kailas, A., Cecchi, V., Mukherjee, A. (2012). A survey of communications and networking technologies for energy management in buildings and home automation.Journal of Computer Networks and Communications,2012. Meet the Nest Learning Thermostat. (2017).Nest. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://nest.com/thermostats/nest-learning-thermostat/overview/ Mennicken, S., Vermeulen, J., Huang, E. M. (2014, September). From today's augmented houses to tomorrow's smart homes: new directions for home automation research. InProceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing(pp. 105-115). ACM. Ramlee, R. A., LEONG, M. H., SARBAN SINGH, R. S. A., ISMAIL, M. M., OTHMAN, M. A., SULAIMAN, H. A., ... ALICE, M. (2013). Bluetooth remote home automation system using android application. Rechargeable Wireless Security Camera: Arlo Pro | Arlo by NETGEAR. (2017).Arlo.com. Retrieved 15 September 2017, from https://www.arlo.com/en-us/products/arlo-pro/default.aspx

Types Of Computer Viruses Essays - Computer Viruses,

Types Of Computer Viruses A computer virus is a program that is designed to damage your computer, programs, and files. Like a virus in a living thing, a computer virus can spread if it is not removed. Some viruses are more dangerous than others. One of the most common places for a computer virus to appear is on a file found on the Internet or attached to an E-mail. For example, you may have a virus that just pops a message box on your screen, and then the virus is disabled, or you can have a virus that deletes half of your hard drive. Computer viruses didn't really exist until the mid 1980s. The first computer viruses were created in university labs to demonstrate how much of a threat the vicious code could be. There are many kind of viruses that exist today. Some of the most common of Computer Viruses are: File Viruses, Boot Sector/Partition Viruses, Multi-Partite Viruses, Trojan Horses, File Overwriters, Polymorphic viruses, and Stealth Viruses. A File Virus is the most common kind of virus. These kinds of viruses usually infect .EXE and .COM files, which are the main component of a program or application. A file virus can insert its own code into part of the file, so that when the infected program file is run, the virus is executed first. Most file viruses are memory resident. Because of this, they can easily attach themselves to other programs that are being run and start to infect that file. A simple virus will overwrite and destroy a host file, immediately letting the user know that there is a problem because the software will not run. Because these viruses are immediately sensed by the computer, they have a less chance to spread. More complex written viruses will cause more damage, spread easier, and are harder to be detected. Boot sector viruses infect hard drives and floppy disks by putting itself on the boot sector of the disk, which has the code that is run at boot up. Booting up from an infected floppy, allows the virus to jump from the floppy to the hard drive. These viruses are loaded first, and gain control of the system before MS-DOS could be loaded. Since the virus is run before the operating system, it is not MS-DOS-specific and can infect any PC operating system. These viruses stay in the RAM and infects every disk that is read by the computer until the computer is rebooted. After reboot the virus is removed from memory. Multi-Partite Viruses are the worse of both file and boot sector viruses. They can infect the host software components. These viruses spread like a file virus, but still insert itself into a boot sector or partition table. Because of this, they are difficult to remove. An example of this type of virus is the Tequila virus. Trojan Horses are the worst kind of viruses that exist. They contain malicious code that is meant to damage your computer. Unlike other viruses, this virus does not replicate itself. This virus waits until the trigger event. When the trigger event occurs, a message is displayed or files are damaged. Because of the nature of these viruses, there are some researchers that do not classify Trojan Horses as viruses. File Overwriters are viruses that link themselves to a program, leaving the original code intact and adding themselves over and over to as many files as possible. These viruses are made simply to keep copying itself. While, this virus is copying itself it is taking up more disk space and slowing down performance. Since these viruses often have flaws in them, they can inadvertently damage or destroy data. The worst kind of file overwriters, wait until the trigger event, then start to destroy files. Most of the viruses that exist today are Polymorphic. Recently a Mutation Engine was released. This software ensures that polymorphic viruses will only proliferate over the next few years. Like the human AIDS virus, polymorphic viruses grows fast to escape detection by anti-virus programs. Special encrypted code within this virus allows the virus to hide from detection. There are a limited number of kinds of polymorphic viruses. Because of this, they are easier to notice. An example